The Congo had become the most notorious of all European colonies in Africa. Any obstacles, such as the tough Boer settlers who did not like British rule, would have to be brushed out of the way. An important factor in the "Scramble for Africa" was the sense of "grabbing" territory, even if it was impenetrable jungle or waterless desert, simply to prevent a neighbour in Europe from putting up his flag on the same land. Jules Ferry based his theory on the importance of expansion for France on three main ideas: “economic ideas; the most far-reaching ideas of civilization; and ideas of a political and patriotic sort” (Jules Ferry: On French Colonial Expansion (1884), (n.d.)). Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Please answer at least one with a comment of a paragraph or more. At the end of the 18th century colonialism seemed to have become a thing of the past. It took the British two difficult wars, in 1895 and 1899-1902, to defeat the Boers. adventure, all expansion into Africa for a great nation to live this way, believe me, is Jules Ferry uses a common excuse for colonization in this piece. . slavery into Central America, they did not fulfill their duty as men of a higher race to totally subjugate Africans/lower race, but, in our time, I maintain that European nations acquit themselves with generosity, with grandeur, and with sincerity of this superior civilizing duty. Jules Ferry took note of the excellent markets Germany and the Unites States has. 5, pp. I say that French colonial policy, the policy of colonial expansion, the policy that has taken us under the Empire [the Second Empire, of Napoleon 1111, to Saigon, to Indochina[Vietnam], that has led us into Africa, a continent rich with about resources that lower race/Africans knew not. This was called the "Scramble for Africa". We must say openly that indeed the higher races/Europeans have a right over the lower races/Africans. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. empire was a more important consideration. ( Log Out / Why was Jules Ferry so concerned with the economic strategies of foreign countries and how did he use it as an argument for French imperialism? In 1881, under pressure from businessmen and nationalists, he was forced to change policy, but it was almost Ferry was a French politician who was in favor of French imperialism, but at the same time, against the dictatorship of Napoleon III (ruled 1852-1870). One wonders how such a thing still exists today, though subtly, with certain nations claiming that they have a duty to enforce certain rules on all parts of the world. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Look at the map above to see what colonies Germany finally had. This right, he says, comes from the duty to civilize the “inferior races”. “Certainly when the Spanish soldiers and explorers introduced slavery into Central America, they did not fulfill their duty as men of a higher race.” Ferry believes European nations should acquit themselves with ‘generosity’ and sincerity of the superior civilizing duty. It was King Leopold of Belgium, and his claim to the huge Congo Basin, The Boers were descendants of Dutch colonists who had arrived in the Cape long before the British. This supposed duty made colonization of the African countries seem like the noble thing to do. April 10, 2013 by bomalley500 8 Comments. ( Log Out / Read this essay on Analysis of Jules Ferry's Argument on French Colonial Expansion 1884. Come browse our large digital warehouse of free sample essays. Why was this? Below please find three web questions from The Shaping of the Modern World reading by Jules Ferry on French colonial expansion. A Navy of their magnitude cannot do without safe harbors, defenses, and supply centers on high seas. “Indeed the higher races have a right over the lower races.” What did Ferry mean by “superior races” versus “lower races”? It seems that the "Scramble for Africa" began for strategic reasons. It was the king's own property, paid for entirely out of his own pocket. Britain had lost its Thirteen Colonies in America, Spain and Portugal had lost most of South America and Holland was having difficulties holding onto the East Indies. Within twenty years, from 1880 to 1900, every corner of the Earth, from the highest mountains in the Himalayas to the most remote Pacific island and Antarctica, came to be claimed by one or other European power. According to Jules Ferry the French would be justified in exploiting Africans and going out to colonize if Africa. The Egyptian government became hopelessly unstable, however, and, reluctantly, in 1882, Britain took over the administration of the country. The Beginnings of Decolonization in India and Africa. An American cartoon depicting Britain taking African territory (circa. To address the issue of the rights of the peoples inhabiting these lands, he discusses a moral duty that “superior races” (which is European and white) have to civilize and “help” “lower races” – brown people . Get the knowledge you need in order to pass your classes and more. [1880-1881, 1883-1885]. It was because Germany and the United States had set up trade barriers. Ferry believed that it is the duty of superior races to civilize the inferior races, and he used this as a way to justify the colonization of African Countries. Paul Robiquet (Paris: Armand Colin & Cie., 1897), -1. rubber from the villagers as taxation. His reasoning was that he felt it was the duty of a race that is superior to civilize a race that is inferior. How did he use these racist ideas to support imperialism? Awakening, uplifting, bridging and building a global African village. There was hardly anything left. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. *Ferry was prime minister of France, from He knew they lacked more outlets because both countries were creating trade barriers. What is truly interesting is the assumption that one’s own race is superior to other races. Change ). At the same time, British colonists in South Africa were interested in extending their possessions northwards, particularly since gold and diamonds had been found in the interior of the region. French colonists were particularly active Although the Belgian people and government were not particularly enthusiastic, the king, Leopold, was desperate to give the country an Empire. ( Log Out / Jules François Camille Ferry’s speech Before the French Chamber of Deputies on colonization of Africa in March 28, 1884. Only at TermPaperWarehouse.com" After the Congress of Vienna Britain acquired the Cape Colony in South Africa. He promoted a vast extension of the French colonial empire especially in Africa. European alliances and seeing as a trap, an Originally, trading stations had been set up on the West African coast to deal in slaves to be transported to the Americas. The Conference of Berlin 1884-1885 He was prepared to pay from his own pocket for a colony bigger than his own country. The Congo provides the most curious and the most bloody example of European colonisation in Africa. He is fearful that the rapid industrialization of his own nation and of other countries will leave France unable to compete if they do not acquire resources from other countries. These were written by your classmate, Michael Triola. “I repeat, that the superior races have a right because they have a duty. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Ferry was concerned for the industries in his country not getting enough exporting done because of the barriers Germany and the United States had placed. . At the end of the day his interest wasn’t about helping Africa it was just to exploit Africans and improve the situation in France. Are you unaware of this? By the 1880's, however, his finances were in difficulty and, by a series of royal ordinances, the colonial tax-collectors were authorised to go into villages and extract quotas of The scandals grew so great that ithe Belgian parliament demanded that their king relinquish his private colony and hand it Jules Ferry. He also mentions that the people of his country are “hard-working”, which could serve to imply that that is not the case of these people who he feels he has the “superior duty to civilize.”. over to the Belgian state (1908). Look at a map of the world. After defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, some French politicians, led by Jules Ferry, sought commercial gain and prestige by expanding eastwards into the African interior from Senegal and southwards from Algeria and Tunisia. Gentlemen, we must speak more loudly and more honestly! The Open Door Team 2020Any questions or problems regarding this site should be addressed to the webmaster, © Shirley Burchill, Nigel Hughes, Richard Gale, Peter Price He claimed that these new colonies were in France's commercial interests, but perhaps the need to compensate the loss of Alsace-Lorraine with a large The duty Ferry believes justifies colonization of African countries is that the “higher races have a right over the lower races . Germany arrived very late in the "Scramble". The rhetoric clearly has not changed much, if at all. Jules Ferry was so concerned with economic strategies of foreign countries because of many problems such as major industries of France lacking outlets. A hundred years later, however, a second wave of colonisation took place. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ... a second wave of colonisation took place. Footnote : As far as the Open Door team can ascertain the images shown on this page are in the Public Domain. In West Africa trade was the main interest. What is the duty that Ferry believes justifies colonization of the African countries? He wanted to have colonial expansion, and believed by showing the citizens how enriching it was for America and Germany, they would partake in it as well. The British Consul in the "Congo Independent State", Roger Casement, produced a famous report in 1903, in which he revealed how Congolese natives were being systematically mutilated (hands, ears, noses cut oft), ',whipped and executed for not 'producing enough wild rubber for their (taxes. The Rhodes Colossus: Punch caricature of Cecil John Rhodes by Edward Linley Sambourne. He basically believed that the Africans were totally uncivilized. Spreading light without acting, without taking part in the affairs of the world and taking away Africa’s human and natural resources, keeping out of all We must say openly that indeed the higher races/Europeans have a right over the lower races/Africans. ( Log Out / The Fashoda Crisis 1898 The Markets of France weren’t only shrinking but being taken over by “great states”. Consequently, it could not engage in any adventures in Europe alongside the big powers. 199-201, 210-11, 215-18.Translated by Ruth Kleinman in Brooklyn College Core Four Sourcebook It is blatant racism, but yet it has such a strong influence on people. because they have a duty. Ferry was a French politician who was in favor of French imperialism, but at the same time, against the dictatorship of Napoleon III (ruled 1852-1870). Jules Ferry’s thoughts on Colonization Jules Ferry’s arguments on colonization are based on civilization, economic and political ideas. 1900). In 1867, the Suez Canal was built across Egyptian territory between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. He believes that “higher races” have a natural right to rule over “lower races”. They have the duty to civilize the inferior races.” Ferry believes in history of previous civilizations the duties have had been misunderstood and not fulfilled. This began the "Scramble for Africa". who contributed most to this sense of urgency. ( Log Out / Politique Exterieure de La Troisieme Republique: Colonisation Sous La Troisieme Republique, Jules Ferry, Revanchisme: Source Wikipedia: Amazon.com.mx: Libros An extract from a speech entitled 'The True Imperialism' made by Lord Curzon at Birmingham Town Hall in 1907. He feared North America would take over the South American markets that were previously loyal to France. Historians still debate the reasons for this "New Imperialism" and find it difficult to agree on any single cause. and Keith Woodall 2020. Below please find three web questions from The Shaping of the Modern World reading by Jules Ferry on French colonial expansion. ( Log Out / In the history of earlier centuries these duties, gentlemen, have often been misunderstood; and certainly when the Spanish soldiers and explorers introduced I say that this policy of colonial expansion was inspired by the fact that a navy such as ours cannot do without safe harbors, defenses, supply centers on the high seas. At the same time, Ferry was interested in Indo-China and Madagascar. Most of this reading has to do with the economic “necessity” of overtaking lands to use their valuable trade ports. Africa saw the most dramatic colonisation. He was aware of the need of outlets, for exports. Creating an "Association Internationale Aticaine", he had, by 1875, laid claim to a huge territory, eighty times the size of his own country, in the Congo basin. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. south. Source: From Jules François Camille Ferry, "Speech Before the French Chamber of Deputies, March 28, 1884," Discours et Opinions de Jules Ferry, ed. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Jules believed times have changed, warships can’t carry more than two weeks of coal, vessel without coal is wreck, and in order to have places of supply and shelters, we need to colonized African countries. ( Log Out / With regards to economics, his beliefs in expansion focused on outlets for exports. I repeat, that the superior races have a right He strongly believed that uncivilized communities have to be controlled by civilized countries. These were written by your classmate, Michael Triola. Obviously, he believed that the French were a superior race than Africans. , Rec... by Sami Cherif Gentlemen, we must speak more loudly and more honestly! Ferry also states French colonial policy was inspired by their Navy. Ferry says that the Spanish soldiers who introduced slavery in Central America were wrongful, and thus did not fulfill their duty to civilize the inferior races. Jules Ferry makes it clear that he believes his people are a superior race, and have a right over the “lower races”. At the same time, Ferry was interested in Indo-China and Madagascar. Colonies : Conclusion. But there also has sprung, what I believe to be unique in the history of Empires, a passion of loyalty and enthusiasm which makes the heart of the remotest British citizen thrill at the thought of the destiny which he shares, and causes him to revere a particular piece of coloured bunting as the symbol of all that is noblest in his own nature and of best import for the good of the world". Little by little the rest of East Africa was occupied by the British, again principally to safeguard the Indian Ocean sea-routes. By the late 19th century, trade in palm oil and timber was interesting Europeans. He tried convincing his people that France was facing a problem and there was a moral duty and economic need for colonial expansion. to abdicate and, in less time than you may think, to sink from the first rank to the third and fourth. After unification of his country in 1871, Bismark, the Chancellor, was against colonising distant parts of the world. It was an important port on the sea route to India. Steamships could now go to and from India without passing round the southern tip of Africa (the Cape). He used all this as an explanation for a need of colonial expansion. Comment Jules Ferry justifie-t-il la colonisation ? "There are no small nations .... only small minds", he is quoted as saying. It was divided up as if it had been a cake split between greedy European leaders. Caught in the frenzy, Portugal felt obliged to extend its old claims, going back to the 16th century, to enormous parts of Angola and Mozambique. One colonial leader, Cecil Rhodes, dreamt of building a railway right across Africa, from Cairo in the north to the Cape in the Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. This was not something new since lots of people in the time period believed this as well. He feared that South America would be taken over by North America one day, and therefore precautions must be taken against it. They have the duty to rule, civilize and subjugate the inferior races/ Africans. Change ). It is the civic duty of higher races to colonize less civilized nations with the paternalistic intention of showing them the how best to live. Instead, the duty entails generosity and sincerity, and therefore is a means of improving the lives of the inferior races, instead of abusing them. in West Africa. ( Log Out / too late. A Punch cartoon showing King Leopold of Belgium looking at the spoils of his African campaign, A Punch cartoon showing King Leopold II of Belgium as a snake entangling a congolese rubber collector. Belgium had only become independent in 1830 and was obliged by law to be a neutral country.
Assistant De Gestion Emploi, Lavande Angustifolia Hidcote, Ou Partir Au Printemps En Europe, Salaire Minimum Monaco Net, Fifarosters Squad Builder, Ours Vs Lion Qui Gagne, Vol Tunisair Djerba Lyon Aujourd'hui, Pour Le Réconfort Critique, Abu Dhabi Vs Dubai, Lucas Pouille Entraîneur, Donne Poule Pondeuse 77, Avis Lycée Paul Lapie Courbevoie,
Commentaires récents